The Nilgiri marten (Martes gwatkinsii) is a rare and elusive carnivore endemic to the Western Ghats of southern India. It has a slender, agile body, glossy dark brown to black fur, and a distinctive bright orange or yellow throat and chest patch. The only marten species native to India, it is an excellent climber and is primarily active during the day. The Nilgiri marten feeds on a varied diet of small mammals, birds, insects, and fruit. Preferring dense, moist forests, it is highly sensitive to habitat disturbance and is classified as Vulnerable due to habitat loss and fragmentation.